Improvement in steam-radiators



L. M. HILLS.

Steam Heater.

Patented any 6, 1863.

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UNITED STATES L. HILLS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-RADIATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 37,343, dated January6, 1863.V

To all whom it may concern.:

Be it known that I, L. M. HILLS, of the city and county of New Haven,and State of Connecticut, have invented new and useful` Improvements inRadiators for Heating by Steam 5 and l do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, making a partpoi` thisspecification, in which- Figures 1 and 2 are perspective views oi'dil'erent forms, but same construction. Fig. 3 is a section. Fig. 4 is aplan with the top covering removed. Fig. 5 is a side view of a stilldii'erent form, but substantially the same construction. Fig. 6 is atransverse section of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is an enlarged section, toillustrate the manner of putting together the several parts.

Same letters refer to like parts.

My invention is designed to be used for heating buildings by steam, andhas for its object simplicity and cheapness of construction and greatradiating-surface in small space.

It consists in the peculiar form and construction of the joints, bywhich the several parts are joined together, s0 as to form a dovetail orlock-j oint, one part or piece setting into or over another so as toleave a space around the inner one and between thatand the outer one, sothat when set up the space may be lled with a cement, commonly known ashard cement, or any other answering the same purpose, `and when thusfilled with cement, and the cement has become hard, any strain upon theseveralparts caused by expansion or by the pressure of steam will, owingto the peculiar form of the joints, serve to tighten the joints ratherthan otherwise, and thus dispensing entirely with the necessity offitting the joints or using bolts or screws in the construetion.

To enable others s killed in the art to make and use my invention, Iwill proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A is a steam-chamber which forms the base of the radiator. B is asimilar chamber which forms the cap or top of the radiator. C C arepipes or tubes connecting the lower chamber or base A with the upperchamber or cap B. In Fig. 3 is shown more fully the details ofconstruction. The upper plate, H, of the lower chamber, A, and the lowerplate, I, of the upper chamber, B, are cast with holes, into which toset the tubes C. The tubes C are cast with shoulders K (see Fig. 7) uponeach endl, the

one to rest upon the upper plate, H, of the lower chamber, A, and theother to support the upper chamber, B. Each-end m ot the tubes C arecast in a dovetail form-that is, of a larger diameter at the extremeends than at the shoulders K-and extend through the plates H and I. Onthe plates H and I, and around the dovetail ends m of the tubes C, arecast flanges n, (see Figs. 4 and 3,) and so as to leave a space, o,between the ends m ofthe tubes C and the anges, u. This space o I lillwith hard cement or any other cement or material to answer the samepurpose.. Having thus joined the chambers-A and B, I then complete thelower chamber, A, thus: In and around the edge of the side D is cast agroove, e, and upon the bottom plate, E, is casta tongue, d,corresponding to the groove c. I do this that the lip L, upon the sideD, bearing against the tongue d, will strengthen the side ot the chamberA to withstand the pressure oli' the steam. A portion, a, of the edge ofthe plate E, and a corresponding portion, p, of the groove c, arebeveled so as to make the two beveled portions nearly or quite parallelto each other, and of a dovetail or lock form, and so as to leaveaspace, e, between the two beveled portions. This space cI fill with`cement, as before described, which completes the lower chamber, A. Ithencomplete the upper chamj side Gr is inclined outward, so as to be nearlyor quite parallel to each other, and so as to leave a space, h, of adovetail or.lock`form between the two inclined poriions. This space I llwith cement, as before described. The flange f serves a similar purposeto the tongue d of the lower plate, E--that is, to strengthen the sideof the steam-chamber B. The lip s serves as a guide in setting the plateF. My radiator is then complete. If necessary to strengthen the upperand lower plates F and F, ribs N may be cast upon each, of such form' asto attain the desired result. It will thus be seen that I can cast all,and every part, of

my radiator so as not to reqiure fitting, and confine the parts togetherwithout the use of bolts or their equivalents, and at the same timeprovide for strain upon or expansion of the several parts for anyrequired pressure of steam.

I do not confine myself to the exact form described, as'other forms maybe used, involving the same principles of construction, as shown inFigs. 5 and 6, where the upper and lower chambers, A and B, are eachcast whole with the flanges a open outward, and the ends of the'pipes Gformed as before, and set within the flanges u, and packed as beforedescribed; also, if necessary, the pipes or tube C may be horizontal orinclined, instead of perpendicular, or the tubes C may be inclosedbyacasing, P, (shownin red, Fig. 3,) and steam admitted within thecasing P and around the tubes G, and cold air, allowed to passinto thelower chamber, A, and up through the tubes C, as shown by arrows, willbecome heated and pass out through openings in the upper chamber, B,made for that purpose.

Steam may be admitted to my radiator in any of the ordinary ways knownor used.

I am aware that steam-radiators have been made by connecting twochambers of tubes or pipes. I am also aware of the patent granted toChas. W. Isbell, July 24, 1860,for coupling gas and water pipes, for thepurpose of making gas and watertight joints. I am also aware of thepatent granted to W. A. Lighthall, December 17, 1861, for improvement insetting tubes in condensers, in which a joint is so constructed as toallow the tube to eX` pand and contract independent of the tubesheets,(one of the requisites of tubular condensers,) and necessitates aslipping joint, the object and claim of Lighthalls invention. I do not,therefore, claim constructing radiators by connecting two separatechambers by means of tubes; neither do I claim coupling pipes for wateror other purposes by means of a cement or other joint, as in patent ofG. `W.

Isbell, July 24:, 1860; neither do I claim a yielding or slipping joint,as in the patent of j ing joints in the manner and for the purposesubstantially as herein set forth and described.

L. M. HILLS. Witnesses:

J oHN E. EARLE, Y GEORGE S. LEsTER.

